Festo vacuum generators have a single-stage design and operate according to the Venturi principle, i.e. they use compressed air to generate a vacuum. With the Venturi principle, compressed air is introduced into the ejector and accelerated to supersonic speed in the so-called Venturi gland, a constricted cross-section of the jet nozzle. As soon as the air has passed the jet nozzle, a vacuum is created and the air is sucked in through the intake opening. The compressed air and intake air can escape from the vacuum generator through the female nozzle as exhaust air.
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Vacuum generators that operate according to the Venturi principle belong to the group of pneumatic vacuum generators and can in many cases be integrated directly in a system thanks to their compact design. In contrast to electric vacuum generators that use a pump or blower, pneumatic vacuum generators are operated by compressed air and are thus not dependent on the main power supply. They also have intelligent functions for energy and process control and are particularly suitable for very high accelerations. Festo vacuum generators can achieve different performance levels depending on the workpiece and application.