The structure and operation of pneumatic systems can be made clear by means of a pneumatic diagram. This contains all relevant components, ranging from air supplies and air pipes or hoses to consumers (actuators), controls and valves.

Automation ladder

During the last few decades, pneumatic valves have undergone far-reaching developments. The first variants were operated mechanically, manually or pneumatically. These versions are still widely used today because of their simplicity and reliability.

This was followed by the introduction of electrically operated valves. In these valves, a magnetic coil and a control signal initiate the switching of the valve. Because the current generation of machines uses PLC technology, electrically operated valves are currently the most widely used. In our blog 'How a valve works' all possible controls are explained in more detail.

Festo valve programme

The developments in valve technology are clearly recognisable in the Festo programme. Starting with individual valves that are switched manually or pneumatically up to the most advanced motion terminal with integrated PLC. The higher the program, the more versatile the automation possibilities.