Delta robots

Delta robots are parallel-arm robots with parallel kinematic systems. They usually have three delta-shaped arms that are linked to the base by universal joints. Thanks to their light weight and fast operation, they are often a popular choice in industry for packaging goods, for assembly as well as in high-speed applications. The industrial robots are also frequently used for pick-and-place tasks, as they can grip and place objects without errors or jerks. A large variety of sectors benefit from this.

Design of a delta robot

The main components of delta robots are multiple axes and/or motors that interact to form a closed kinematic chain. The base of the robot is usually mounted on the ceiling, with the three or more arms going down in a pyramid shape. The ends of these arms are connected to a platform that is moved by the arms. The simultaneous synchronisation of all motors enables the front unit to move in the X, Y and Z directions. This distinguishes it, for example, from articulated robots, whose operating mode is based on serial kinematics.

Advantages and disadvantages

Delta robots are extremely fast, dynamic and offer high repeat accuracy. The parallel kinematic drive concept with fixed motors that are connected via a pyramid-shaped mechanical structure means that little mass has to be moved, which in turn ensures high speed and flexibility.

The disadvantage of delta robots is that their working range as well as payload are both relatively limited.

The Festo solution: Tripod EXPT

Our delta robot Tripod EXPT stands out just as much for its precise movements and positioning as for its extraordinarily high dynamic response with up to 150 picks per minute. The highly rigid and virtually vibration-free design as well as the low moving mass of this robot, which is based on parallel kinematics, is up to three times faster than comparable Cartesian systems. In addition to an emergency stop function, rod loss detection and missing part detection, the Tripod EXPT allows numerous grippers to be mounted, making it suitable for a wide range of applications.

Parallel kinematic system